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Light stimulates carotenoid biosynthesis in the ascomycete fungus  Fusarium fujikuroi  through transcriptional activation of the structural genes of the pathway  carRA ,  carB , and  cart , but the molecular basis of this photoresponse is unknown. The  F .  fujikuroi  genome contains genes for different predicted photoreceptors, including the WC protein WcoA, the DASH cryptochrome CryD and the Vivid-like flavoprotein VvdA. We formerly found that null mutants of  wcoA ,  cryD  or  vvdA  exhibit carotenoid photoinduction under continuous illumination. Here we show that the wild type exhibits a biphasic response in light induction kinetics experiments, with a rapid increase in carotenoid content in the first hours, a transient arrest and a subsequent slower increase. The mutants of the three photoreceptors show different kinetic responses: the  wcoA  mutants are defective in the rapid response, the  cryD  mutants are affected in the slower response, while the fast and slow responses were respectively enhanced and attenuated in the  vvdA  mutants. Transcriptional analyses of the  car  genes revealed a strong reduction of dark and light-induced transcript levels in the  wcoA  mutants, while minor or no reductions were found in the  cryD  mutants. Formerly, we found no change on  carRA  and  carB  photoinduction in  vvdA  mutants. Taken together, our data suggest a cooperative participation of WcoA and CryD in early and late stages of photoinduction of carotenoid biosynthesis in  F .  fujikuroi , and a possible modulation of WcoA activity by VvdA. An unexpected transcriptional induction by red light of  vvdA ,  cryD  and  carRA  genes suggest the participation of an additional red light-absorbing photoreceptor.

The Flavoproteins CryD and VvdA Cooperate with the White Collar Protein WcoA in the Control of Photocarotenogenesis in Fusarium fujikuroi