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SslE is a zinc-metalloprotease involved in the degradation of mucin substrates and recently proposed as a potential vaccine candidate against pathogenic  E. coli . In this paper, by exploiting a human  in vitro  model of mucus-secreting cells, we demonstrated that bacteria expressing SslE have a metabolic benefit which results in an increased growth rate postulating the importance of this antigen in enhancing  E. coli  fitness. We also observed that SslE expression facilitates  E. coli  penetration of the mucus favouring bacteria adhesion to host cells. Moreover, we found that SslE-mediated opening of the mucosae contributed to the activation of pro-inflammatory events. Indeed, intestinal cells infected with SslE-secreting bacteria showed an increased production of IL-8 contributing to neutrophil recruitment. The results presented in this paper conclusively designate SslE as an important colonization factor favouring  E. coli  access to both metabolic substrates and target cells.

Pathogenic E. coli Exploits SslE Mucinase Activity to Translocate through the Mucosal Barrier and Get Access to Host Cells