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XopD  Xcc 8004 , a type III effector of  Xanthomonas campestris  pv.  campestris  ( Xcc ) 8004, is considered a shorter version of the XopD, which lacks the N-terminal domain. To understand the functions of XopD  Xcc 8004 ,  in planta , a transgenic approach combined with inducible promoter to analyze the effects of XopD  Xcc 8004  in  Arabidopsis  was done. Here, the expression of XopD  Xcc 8004 , in  Arabidopsis  elicited the accumulation of host defense-response genes. These molecular changes were dependent on salicylic acid and correlated with lesion-mimic phenotypes observed in  XVE::XopD Xcc8004   transgenic plants. Moreover, XopD  Xcc 8004  was able to desumoylate HFR1, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor involved in photomorphogenesis, through SUMO protease activity. Interestingly, the  hfr1-201  mutant increased the expression of host defense-response genes and displayed a resistance phenotype to  Xcc 8004. These data suggest that HFR1 is involved in plant innate immunity and is potentially regulated by XopD  Xcc 8004 .

Arabidopsis HFR1 Is a Potential Nuclear Substrate Regulated by the Xanthomonas Type III Effector XopDXcc8004