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Borrelia garinii  spirochete was detected for the first time in  Ixodes ovatus  tick ectoparasitized on stray cat in Taiwan. The genetic identity of this detected spirochete was determined by analyzing the gene sequence amplified by genospecies-specific polymerase chain reaction assays based on the 5S–23S intergenic spacer amplicon ( rrf - rrl ) and outer surface protein A ( ospA ) genes of  B. burgdorferi  sensu lato. Phylogenetic relationships were analyzed by comparing the sequences of  rrf - rrl  and  ospA  genes obtained from 27 strains of  Borrelia  spirochetes representing six genospecies of  Borrelia . Seven major clades can be easily distinguished by neighbour-joining analysis and were congruent by maximum-parsimony method. Phylogenetic analysis based on  rrf-rrl  gene revealed that this detected spirochete (strain IO-TP-TW) was genetically affiliated to the same clade with a high homogeneous sequences (96.7 to 98.1% similarity) within the genospecies of  B. garinii  and can be discriminated from other genospecies of  Borrelia  spirochetes. Interspecies analysis based on the genetic distance values indicates a lower level (<0.022) of genetic divergence (GD) within the genospecies of  B. garinii , and strain IO-TP-TW was genetically more distant ( >0.113) to the strains identified in  I .  ovatus  collected from Japan and China. Intraspecies analysis also reveals a higher homogeneity (GD<0.005) between tick (strain IO-TP-TW) and human (strain Bg-PP-TW1) isolates of  B. garinii  in Taiwan. This study provides the first evidence of  B. garinii  isolated and identified in an  I .  ovatus  tick in Asia, and the higher homogeneity of  B. garinii  between tick and human strain may imply the risk of human infection by  I .  ovatus  bite.

First Detection and Molecular Identification of Borrelia garinii Spirochete from Ixodes ovatus Tick Ectoparasitized on Stray Cat in Taiwan