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The biological roles of estrogen receptor 1 ( ERS1 ), estrogen receptor 2 ( ERS2 ), and aromatase ( CYP19A1 ) genes in the development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unclear, as is the use of their expression as a prognostic factor. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of estrogen receptors and aromatase mRNA expression, along with aromatase protein concentration, in resected NSCLC patients. Tumor and non-tumor lung tissue samples were analyzed for the mRNA expression of  ERS1 ,  ERS2  and  CYP19A1  by RT-PCR. Aromatase concentration was measured with an ELISA. A total of 96 patients were included.  ERS1  expression was significantly higher in non-tumor tissue than in tumor samples. Two gene expression categories were created for each gene (and protein): high and low.  ERS1 high  category showed increased overall survival (OS) when compared to the low expression category. Aromatase protein concentration was significantly higher in tumor samples. Higher  ERS1  expression in tumor tissues was related to longer overall survival. The analysis of gene expression combinations provides evidence for longer OS when both  ERS1  and  ERS2  are highly expressed.  ESR1 , alone or in combination with  ERS2  or  CYP19A 1, is the most determining prognostic factor within the analyzed 3 genes. It seems that  ERS1  can play a role in NSCLC prognosis, alone or in combination with other genes such as  ERS2  or  Cyp19a1 .  ERS2  in combination with aromatase concentration could have a similar function.

plos one

Estrogen Receptor 1 Gene Expression and Its Combination with Estrogen Receptor 2 or Aromatase Expression Predicts Survival in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer