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The hydraulic redistribution (HR) of deep-rooted plants significantly improves the survival of shallow-rooted shrubs and herbs in arid deserts, which subsequently maintain species diversity. This study was conducted in the Ebinur desert located in the western margin of the Gurbantonggut Desert. Isotope tracing, community investigation and comparison analysis were employed to validate the HR of  Populus euphratica  and to explore its effects on species richness and abundance. The results showed that,  P. euphratica  has HR. Shrubs and herbs that grew under the  P. euphratica  canopy (under community: UC) showed better growth than the ones growing outside (Outside community: OC), exhibiting significantly higher species richness and abundance in UC than OC ( p <0.05) along the plant growing season. Species richness and abundance were significantly logarithmically correlated with the  P. euphratica  crown area in UC ( R 2   = 0.51 and 0.84,  p <0.001). In conclusion,  P. euphratica  HR significantly ameliorates the water conditions of the shallow soil, which then influences the diversity assembly in arid desert communities.

Linking Populus euphratica Hydraulic Redistribution to Diversity Assembly in the Arid Desert Zone of Xinjiang, China