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Background  Schistosomiasis remains a major public health problem in China. The major endemic foci are the lake and marshland regions of southern China, particularly the regions along the middle and lower reach of the Yangtze River in four provinces (Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, and Anhui). The purpose of our study is to assess the effect of a new integrated strategy emphasizing infection source control to curb schistosomiasis in marshland regions.    Methods  In a longitudinal study, we implemented an integrated control strategy emphasizing infection source control in 16 villages from 2005 through 2012 in marshland regions of Hubei province. The interventions included removing cattle from snail-infested grasslands, providing farmers with mechanized farm equipment, improving sanitation by supplying tap water, building lavatories and latrines, praziquantel chemotherapy, controlling snails, and environmental modification.    Results  Following the integrated control strategy designed to reduce the role of bovines and humans as sources of  Schistosoma japonicum  infection, the prevalence of human  S. japonicum  infection declined from 1.7% in 2005 to 0.4% in 2012 ( P <0.001). Reductions were also observed in both sexes, across all age groups, and among high risk occupations. Moreover, the prevalence of bovine  S. japonicum  infection decreased from 11.7% in 2005 to 0.6% in 2012 ( P <0.001). In addition, all the 16 villages achieved the national criteria of infection control in 2008.    Conclusion  Our findings indicate that the integrated strategy was likely effective in controlling the transmission of  S. japonicum  in marshland regions in China.

plos one

New Integrated Strategy Emphasizing Infection Source Control to Curb Schistosomiasis japonica in a Marshland Area of Hubei Province, China: Findings from an Eight-Year Longitudinal Survey