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Objective  The western borderland between Yunnan Province, China, and Myanmar is characterized by a climate that facilitates year-round production of mosquitoes. Numerous mosquito-transmitted viruses, including Japanese encephalitis virus circulate in this area. This project was to describe seasonal patterns in mosquito species abundance and arbovirus activity in the mosquito populations.    Methods  Mosquitoes were collected in Mangshi and Ruili cities of Dehong Prefecture near the border of China and Burma in Yunnan Province, the Peoples Republic of China in 2010. We monitored mosquito species abundance for a 12-month period using ultraviolet light, carbon dioxide baited CDC light and gravid traps; and tested the captured mosquitoes for the presence of virus to evaluate mosquito-virus associations in rural/agricultural settings in the area.    Results  A total of 43 species of mosquitoes from seven genera were collected, including 15  Culex  species, 15  Anopheles  spp., four  Aedes  spp., three  Armigeres  spp., one  Mimomyia  spp., two  Uranotaenia  spp. and three  Mansonia  spp.. Species richness and diversity varied between Mangshi and Ruili.  Culex tritaeniorhynchus ,  Culex quinquefasciatus ,  Anopheles sinensis  and  Anopheles peditaeniatus  were the most abundant species in both sampling sites. Ultraviolet light traps collected more specimens than CDC light traps baited with dry ice, though both collected the same variety of mosquito species. The CDC gravid trap was the most effective trap for capture of  Culex quinquefasciatus , a species underrepresented in light trap collections. A total of 26 virus strains were isolated, which included 13 strains of Japanese encephalitis virus, four strains of Getah virus, one strain of Oya virus, one strain from the  orbivirus  genus, and seven strains of  Culex pipien pallens  densovirus.    Conclusions  The present study illustrates the value of monitoring mosquito populations and mosquito-transmitted viruses year-round in areas where the climate supports year-round adult mosquito activity.

Mosquitoes of Western Yunnan Province, China: Seasonal Abundance, Diversity, and Arbovirus Associations