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Background  Few clinical data are available on the relationship between genospecies and outcome of  Acinetobacter  bacteremia, and the results are inconsistent. We performed this study to evaluate the relationship between genospecies and the outcome of  Acinetobacter  bacteremia.    Methods  Clinical data from 180 patients who had  Acinetobacter  bacteremia from 2003 to 2010 were reviewed retrospectively. The genospecies were identified by  rpoB  gene sequence analysis. The clinical features and outcomes of 90 patients with  A. baumannii  bacteremia were compared to those of 90 patients with non- baumannii Acinetobacter  bacteremia (60 with  A. nosocomialis , 17 with  Acinetobacter  species “close to 13 TU”, 11 with  A. pittii , and two with  A. calcoaceticus ).    Results    A. baumannii  bacteremia was associated with intensive care unit-onset, mechanical ventilation, pneumonia, carbapenem resistance, and higher APACHE II scores, compared to non- baumannii Acinetobacter  bacteremia ( P <0.05). In univariate analyses, age, pneumonia, multidrug resistance, carbapenem resistance, inappropriate empirical antibiotics, higher APACHE II scores, and  A. baumannii  genospecies were risk factors for mortality ( P <0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed  A. baumannii  genospecies (OR, 3.60; 95% CI, 1.56–8.33), age, pneumonia, and higher APACHE II scores to be independent risk factors for mortality ( P <0.05).    Conclusion    A. baumannii  genospecies was an independent risk factor for mortality in patients with  Acinetobacter  bacteremia. Our results emphasize the importance of correct species identification of  Acinetobacter  blood isolates.

The Clinical Characteristics, Carbapenem Resistance, and Outcome of Acinetobacter Bacteremia According to Genospecies