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Stressful environments may enhance the occurrence of facilitative interspecific interactions between plants. In several regions,  Zostera marina  occurs in mixed assemblages. However, the potential effects of plant diversity on stress responses and stability properties of  Z. marina  are poorly understood. We investigated the resistance and recovery of  Z. marina  subjected to shading (1 mo) in a field experiment lasting 2.5 mo. We shaded  Z. marina  planted in mono- and polycultures ( Potamogeton perfoliatus ,  P. pectinatus ,  P. filiformis ) in a factorial design (Shading×Richness) at 2 m depth. We estimated the resistance and recovery of  Z. marina  by measuring four response variables. Polyculture  Z. marina  lost proportionally less biomass than monocultures, thus having a greater resistance to shading. In contrast, after a 1 mo recovery period, monocultures exhibited higher biomass gain, and a faster recovery than polycultures. Our results suggest that plant species richness enhances the resistance of  Z. marina  through facilitative mechanisms, while the faster recovery in monocultures is possibly due to interspecific competition. Our results highlight the need of a much better understanding of the effects of interspecific interactions on ecosystem processes in mixed seagrass meadows, and the preservation of diverse plant assemblages to maintain ecosystem functioning.

Influence of Neighboring Plants on Shading Stress Resistance and Recovery of Eelgrass, Zostera marina L