Open AccessKIR Gene Content in Amerindians Indicates Influence of Demographic Factors
Author(s) -
Danillo G. Augusto,
Bruno Zagonel Piovezan,
Luiza Tamie Tsuneto,
Sidia M. CallegariJacques,
Maria Luiza PetzlErler
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0056755
Subject(s) - biology , haplotype , genetics , gene , human leukocyte antigen , gene family , population , polymorphism (computer science) , evolutionary biology , allele , gene expression , demography , sociology , antigen
Although the KIR gene content polymorphism has been studied worldwide, only a few isolated or Amerindian populations have been analyzed. This extremely diverse gene family codifies receptors that are expressed mainly in NK cells and bind HLA class I molecules. KIR-HLA combinations have been associated to several diseases and population studies are important to comprehend their evolution and their role in immunity. Here we analyzed, by PCR-SSP (specific sequencing priming), 327 individuals from four isolated groups of two of the most important Brazilian Amerindian populations: Kaingang and Guarani. The pattern of KIR diversity among these and other ten Amerindian populations disclosed a wide range of variation for both KIR haplotypes and gene frequencies, indicating that demographic factors, such as bottleneck and founder effects, were the most important evolutionary factors in shaping the KIR polymorphism in these populations.
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