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Although α-1,3-glucan is one of the major cell wall polysaccharides in filamentous fungi, the physiological roles of α-1,3-glucan remain unclear. The model fungus  Aspergillus nidulans  possesses two α-1,3-glucan synthase (AGS) genes,  agsA  and  agsB . For functional analysis of these genes, we constructed several mutant strains in  A. nidulans :  agsA  disruption,  agsB  disruption, and double-disruption strains. We also constructed several CagsB strains in which  agsB  expression was controlled by the inducible  alcA  promoter, with or without the  agsA- disrupting mutation. The  agsA  disruption strains did not show markedly different phenotypes from those of the wild-type strain. The  agsB  disruption strains formed dispersed hyphal cells under liquid culture conditions, regardless of the  agsA  genetic background. Dispersed hyphal cells were also observed in liquid culture of the CagsB strains when  agsB  expression was repressed, whereas these strains grew normally in plate culture even under the  agsB -repressed conditions. Fractionation of the cell wall based on the alkali solubility of its components, quantification of sugars, and  13 C-NMR spectroscopic analysis revealed that α-1,3-glucan was the main component of the alkali-soluble fraction in the wild-type and  agsA  disruption strains, but almost no α-1,3-glucan was found in the alkali-soluble fraction derived from either the  agsB  disruption strain or the CagsB strain under the  agsB -repressed conditions, regardless of the  agsA  genetic background. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the two AGS genes are dispensable in  A. nidulans , but that AgsB is required for normal growth characteristics under liquid culture conditions and is the major AGS in this species.

Functional Analysis of the α-1,3-Glucan Synthase Genes agsA and agsB in Aspergillus nidulans: AgsB Is the Major α-1,3-Glucan Synthase in This Fungus