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The ribosomal P proteins are located on the stalk of the ribosomal large subunit and play a critical role during the elongation step of protein synthesis. The single chain recombinant antibody C5 (scFv C5) directed against the C-terminal region of the  Trypanosoma cruzi  P2β protein (TcP2β) recognizes the conserved C-terminal end of all  T. cruzi  ribosomal P proteins. Although this region is highly conserved among different species, surface plasmon resonance analysis showed that the scFv C5 possesses very low affinity for the corresponding mammalian epitope, despite having only one single amino-acid change. Crystallographic analysis,  in silico  modelization and NMR assays support the analysis, increasing our understanding on the structural basis of epitope specificity.  In vitro  protein synthesis experiments showed that scFv C5 was able to specifically block translation by  T. cruzi  and  Crithidia fasciculata  ribosomes, but virtually had no effect on  Rattus norvegicus  ribosomes. Therefore, we used the scFv C5 coding sequence to make inducible intrabodies in  Trypanosoma brucei . Transgenic parasites showed a strong decrease in their growth rate after induction. These results strengthen the importance of the P protein C terminal regions for ribosomal translation activity and suggest that trypanosomatid ribosomal P proteins could be a possible target for selective therapeutic agents that could be derived from structural analysis of the scFv C5 antibody paratope.

Selective Blockade of Trypanosomatid Protein Synthesis by a Recombinant Antibody Anti-Trypanosoma cruzi P2β Protein