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Polymorphum gilvum  SL003B-26A1 T  is the type strain of a novel species in the recently published novel genus  Polymorphum  isolated from saline soil contaminated with crude oil. It is capable of using crude oil as the sole carbon and energy source and can adapt to saline soil at a temperature of 45°C. The  Polymorphum gilvum  genome provides a genetic basis for understanding how the strain could degrade crude oil and adapt to a saline environment. Genome analysis revealed the versatility of the strain for emulsifying crude oil, metabolizing aromatic compounds (a characteristic specific to the  Polymorphum gilvum  genome in comparison with other known genomes of oil-degrading bacteria), as well as possibly metabolizing  n -alkanes through the LadA pathway. In addition, COG analysis revealed  Polymorphum gilvum  SL003B-26A1 T  has significantly higher abundances of the proteins responsible for cell motility, lipid transport and metabolism, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis, transport and catabolism than the average levels found in all other genomes sequenced thus far, but lower abundances of the proteins responsible for carbohydrate transport and metabolism, defense mechanisms, and translation than the average levels. These traits support the adaptability of  Polymorphum gilvum  to a crude oil-contaminated saline environment. The  Polymorphum gilvum  genome could serve as a platform for further study of oil-degrading microorganisms for bioremediation and microbial-enhanced oil recovery in harsh saline environments.

The Genome Sequence of Polymorphum gilvum SL003B-26A1T Reveals Its Genetic Basis for Crude Oil Degradation and Adaptation to the Saline Soil