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Background  The identification of the signals that should be provided by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to induce a CD8 +  T cell response  in vivo  is essential to improve vaccination strategies using antigen-loaded APCs. Although dendritic cells have been extensively studied, the ability of other APC types, such as B cells, to induce a CD8 +  T cell response have not been thoroughly evaluated.    Methodology/Principal Findings  In this manuscript, we have characterized the ability of CD40-activated B cells, stimulated or not with Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists (CpG or lipopolysaccharide) to induce the response of mouse naïve CD8 +  T cells  in vivo . Our results show that CD40-activated B cells can directly present antigen to naïve CD8 +  T cells to induce the generation of potent effectors able to secrete cytokines, kill target cells and control a  Listeria monocytogenes  infection. However, CD40-activated B cell immunization did not lead to the proper formation of CD8 +  memory T cells and further maturation of CD40-activated B cells with TLR agonists did not promote the development of CD8 +  memory T cells. Our results also suggest that inefficient generation of CD8 +  memory T cells with CD40-activated B cell immunization is a consequence of reduced Bcl-6 expression by effectors and enhanced contraction of the CD8 +  T cell response.    Conclusions  Understanding why CD40-activated B cell immunization is defective for the generation of memory T cells and gaining new insights about signals that should be provided by APCs are key steps before translating the use of CD40-B cell for therapeutic vaccination.

CD40-Activated B Cells Can Efficiently Prime Antigen-Specific Naïve CD8+ T Cells to Generate Effector but Not Memory T cells