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Background  Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major threat for global tuberculosis control. The W-Beijing  Mycobacterium tuberculosis  genotype has been associated with drug resistance. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying this epidemiological finding may have an important role in the control of MDR-TB. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fitness of drug-susceptible and MDR  M. tuberculosis  strains of the W-Beijing genotype compared with that of Non-W-Beijing strains.    Methodology/Principal Findings  Fitness of  M. tuberculosis  strains was determined by evaluating the difference in the growth curves obtained in the MGIT960 automated system and assessing the competitive growth capacity between W-Beijing and non-W-Beijing strains. The W-Beijing MDR strains had a significant longer lag phase duration compared to the other strains but did not present a significant fitness cost. When grown in competition they had an advantage only in medium containing 0.1% Tween 80.    Conclusions/Significance  It was not possible to confirm a selective advantage of W-Beijing strains to grow, except for differences in their resistance to Tween 80. Further studies are needed to elucidate the putative advantage of W-Beijing strains compared to other genotypes.

Fitness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains of the W-Beijing and Non-W-Beijing Genotype