English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background/Objectives  Palestinian strains of  L.tropica  characterized by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) fall into two zymodemes, either MON-137 or MON-307.    Methodology/Principle Findings  Assays employing PCR and subsequent RFLP were applied to sequences found in the Hexokinase (HK) gene, an enzyme that  is not  used in MLEE, and the Phosphoglucomutase (PGM) gene, an enzyme that  is  used for MLEE, to see if they would facilitate consigning local strains of  L.tropica  to either zymodeme MON-137 or zymodeme MON-307. Following amplification and subsequent double digestion with the restriction endonucleases  MboI  and  Hae III, variation in the restriction patterns of the sequence from the HK gene distinguished strains of  L.tropica ,  L.major  and  L.infantum  and also exposed two genotypes (G) among the strains of  L.tropica : HK- Lt G1, associated with strains of  L.tropica  of the zymodemes MON-137 and MON-265, and HK- Lt G2, associated with strains of  L.tropica  of the zymodemes MON-307, MON-288, MON-275 and MON-54. Following amplification and subsequent digestion by the restriction endonuclease  MboI , variation in the sequence from the PGM gene also exposed two genotypes among the strains of  L.tropica:  PGM-G1, associated only with strains of  L.tropica  of the zymodeme MON-137; and PGM-G2, associated with strains of  L.tropica  of the zymodemes MON-265, MON-307, MON-288, MON-275 and MON-54, and, also, with six strains of  L.major , five of  L.infantum  and one of  L.donovani . The use of the HK and PGM gene sequences enabled distinction the  L.tropica  strains of the zymodeme MON-137 from those of the zymodeme MON-265. This genotyping system ‘correctly’ identified reference strains of  L.tropica  of known zymodemal affiliation and also from clinical samples, with a level of sensitivity down to <1 fg in the case of the former and to 1 pg of DNA in the case of the latter.    Conclusions/Significance  Both assays proved useful for identifying leishmanial parasites in clinical samples without resource to culture and MLEE.

plos neglected tropical diseases

Development of Assays Using Hexokinase and Phosphoglucomutase Gene Sequences That Distinguish Strains of Leishmania tropica from Different Zymodemes and Microsatellite Clusters and Their Application to Palestinian Foci of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis