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A new approach for dengue control has been proposed that relies on life-shortening strains of the obligate intracellular bacterium  Wolbachia pipientis  to modify mosquito population age structure and reduce pathogen transmission. Previously we reported the stable transinfection of the major dengue vector  Aedes aegypti  with a life-shortening  Wolbachia  strain ( w MelPop-CLA) from the vinegar fly  Drosophila melanogaster . Here, we report a further characterization of the phenotypic effects of this virulent  Wolbachia  infection on several life-history traits of  Ae. aegypti . Minor costs of  w MelPop-CLA infection for pre-imaginal survivorship, development and adult size were found. However, we discovered that the  w MelPop-CLA infection dramatically decreased the viability of desiccated  Ae. aegypti  eggs over time. Similarly, the reproductive fitness of  w MelPop-CLA infected  Ae. aegypti  females declined with age. These results reveal a general pattern associated with  w MelPop-CLA induced pathogenesis in this mosquito species, where host fitness costs increase during aging of both immature and adult life-history stages. In addition to influencing the invasion dynamics of this particular  Wolbachia  strain, we suggest that the negative impact of  w MelPop-CLA on embryonic quiescence may have applied utility as a tool to reduce mosquito population size in regions with pronounced dry seasons or in regions that experience cool winters.

A Virulent Wolbachia Infection Decreases the Viability of the Dengue Vector Aedes aegypti during Periods of Embryonic Quiescence