Calibration of a Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor as an orthographic camera

We demonstrate a method to calibrate a Shack-Hartmann sensor as an orthographic camera. This calibration method permits us to obtain the distance, the rotation matrix between the microlens array and CCD imaging planes, and the projection matrix, which models the projection of the incoming rays to the CCD imaging plane. The proposed calibration method introduces a very compact matrix notation and allows wavefront reconstruction without an explicit centroid search between the reference and distorted spot diagrams. We show a set of simulations in code V that prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.