Residual interpolation for division of focal plane polarization image sensors

Division of focal plane (DoFP) polarization image sensors capture polarization properties of light at every imaging frame. However, these imaging sensors capture only partial polarization information, resulting in reduced spatial resolution output and a varying instantaneous field of overview (IFoV). Interpolation methods are used to reduce the drawbacks and recover the missing polarization information. In this paper, we propose residual interpolation as an alternative to normal interpolation for division of focal plane polarization image sensors, where the residual is the difference between an observed and a tentatively estimated pixel value. Our results validate that our proposed algorithm using residual interpolation can give state-of-the-art performance over several previously published interpolation methods, namely bilinear, bicubic, spline and gradient-based interpolation. Visual image evaluation as well as mean square error analysis is applied to test images. For an outdoor polarized image of a car, residual interpolation has less mean square error and better visual evaluation results.