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Label-free tetra-modal molecular imaging of living cells with CARS, SHG, THG and TSFG (coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering, second harmonic generation, third harmonic generation and third-order sum frequency generation)
Author(s) -
Hiroki Segawa,
Masanari Okuno,
Hideaki Kano,
Philippe Leproux,
Vincent Couderc,
Hiro-o Hamaguchi
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
optics express
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.394
H-Index - 271
ISSN - 1094-4087
DOI - 10.1364/oe.20.009551
Subject(s) - raman scattering , second harmonic generation , second harmonic imaging microscopy , optics , sum frequency generation , high harmonic generation , nonlinear optics , physics , third generation , materials science , raman spectroscopy , laser , telecommunications , computer science
We have developed a new multimodal molecular imaging system that combines CARS (coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering), SHG (second harmonic generation), THG (third harmonic generation) and multiplex TSFG (third-order sum frequency generation) using a subnanosecond white-light laser source. Molecular composition and their distribution in living cells are clearly visualized with different contrast enhancements through different mechanisms of CARS, SHG, THG and TSFG. A correlation image of CARS and TSF reveals that the TSF signal is generated predominantly from lipid droplets inside a cell as well as the peripheral cell wall.

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