Optimization of finite-length input volume holographic grating couplers illuminated by finite-width incident beams | Zendy

Shun-Der Wu | Zendy; Elias N. Glytsis | Zendy; Thomas K. Gaylord | Zendy

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Optimization of finite-length input volume holographic grating couplers illuminated by finite-width incident beams

Author(s) -

Shun-Der Wu,

Elias N. Glytsis,

Thomas K. Gaylord

Publication year - 2005

Publication title -

applied optics

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

ISSN - 0003-6935

DOI - 10.1364/ao.44.004435

Subject(s) - optics , beam (structure) , beam diameter , physics , grating , gaussian beam , ray , coupling (piping) , holography , materials science , laser , laser beams , metallurgy

A finite volume holographic grating coupler (VHGC) normally illuminated with various incident-beam profiles (such as a Gaussian beam, a flat cosine-squared beam, and an exponential-decay beam) with finite beam widths for input coupling is rigorously analyzed by use of the finite-difference frequency-domain method. The effects of the incident-beam width, the incident-beam position, the incident-beam profile, and the incident-beam angle of incidence on the input coupling efficiency are investigated. The optimum conditions for input coupling are determined. Both a VHGC embedded in the waveguide film region and a VHGC placed in the waveguide cover region are investigated. For a given finite VHGC, the input coupling efficiencies are strongly dependent on incident-beam widths, incident-beam positions, and incident-beam angles of incidence, but are only weakly dependent on incident-beam profiles.

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