Comparative study of the two-period of epidemiological analysis of risk factors for breast cancer in Indonesia. Does it change?

A case control study of epidemiologicaL aspect of breast cancer especially concerning the riskfactors and lifestyles in breast cancer patients had been carried out twice in Indonesia. Firstly in 1980-1981 (one year), perfurmed by the University of Indonesia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Department of Surgery awl 90 cases of breast cancer were compared to 90 controls. In the second study, performed under the International Collaborative Study on Breast Cancer betyveen Indonesia and Japan (University of lwlonesiafrom Indonesia and Nagoya University and Cancer Institute Tokyofrom Japan), 300 cases ofbreast cancer were compared to 600 matched controls. [n comparative analysis between the two studies, the following findings were obtained. It was estimated that there wàs no chnnge of age distribution of breast cance4 which peaked at the ege group of 40-49. There was no significant chnnge of the stage distribution of breast cance4 although early detection program pioneered by Indonesia Cancer Foundation had been caruied out since twenty years ago. Tën years dffirence was seen betvveen the first study and the second study, while the distribution of cases according to edtrcation did not chnnge significantly. The result of risk factor analysis showed that only irradiation and history of trauma increased the risk of breast cancer significantly in the first study, while obese, marital status, illiterate, pregnancy and lactation did not cause significant dffirence. In the second study, it was found that marriage and irradiation had protective effect in the development of breast cancer; while separated, widowed status, illiterate, pregnancy, lactation and trauma were found as significant riskfactors in breast cancer development.