Aedes mosquito salivary immune peptides: boost or block dengue viral infections

Dengue fevers with its severe clinical manifestations are called dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome. This disease is now endemic in most tropical country zones and emerged as a major public health problem of worldwide concerned because of an increasing potential for mosquito vectors breeding and rapid growth of urban centers with a strain on public services like water containers. Availability of more than 100 countries are endemic for DHF and about 2.5 billion people of the world population are at risks in tropics and sub-tropics. As per estimates, over 50 million infections with about 500 000 cases of DHF have been reported annually, which leads to a cause of childhood mortality in several Asian countries[1-3]. Dengue viruses (DENV) are flaviviruses, which including four serotypes named dengue-1, 2, 3, and 4. The DENV virion is a spherical, enveloped RNA virus that has a diameter of approximately 50 nm. The dengue viral particle contains a lipid bilayer surrounding a capsid that packages the positive-single-strand RNA genome of 10.7 kb in length[4-6]. The lipid bilayer and the envelop glycoprotein shell protein PEER REVIEW ABSTRACT