Determinants and Within-Person Variability of Urinary Cadmium Concentrations among Women in Northern California
Author(s) -
Robert B. Gunier,
Pamela L. HornRoss,
Alison J. Canchola,
Christine Duffy,
Peggy Reynolds,
Andrew Hertz,
Erika Garcia,
Rudolph P. Rull
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
environmental health perspectives
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.257
H-Index - 282
eISSN - 1552-9924
pISSN - 0091-6765
DOI - 10.1289/ehp.1205524
Subject(s) - urine , cadmium , odds ratio , intraclass correlation , creatinine , medicine , urinary system , liter , biomarker , zoology , demography , confidence interval , environmental health , physiology , chemistry , biology , clinical psychology , biochemistry , organic chemistry , sociology , psychometrics
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Urinary Cd (U-Cd) concentration is considered a biomarker of long-term exposure.
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