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The present study was designed to evaluate the role of a medicinal plant for management of diabetes instead of manufactured drugs, which led to many complications. Medicinal plants would be highly useful for this purpose because they are considered to be effective and non-toxic and safer than manufactured drugs. Water and ethanolic extracts of Hegleg (Balanites aegyptiaca) fruits were investigated for their hypoglycemic and hypolipidimic effect in normal senile diabetic rats in addition to some hormones related to diabetes mellitus. It has been recently known that leptin and insulin are involved in the regulation of energy balance and body weight in addition to reduction of blood glucose level. The extract induced significant reduction in serum glucose, glucagon, total lipids, total cholesterol, triglycerides level and transaminases (AST, ALT and GT) activities. Liver glycogen, serum insulin, leptin and testoeterone concentrations significantly increased in treated animals compared to control. The present data revealed insignificant changes in the serum total protein, albumin and globulin level during the experimental period. The obtained data suggest the beneficial role of Balanites aegyptiaca fruit as a hypoglycemic, hypolipidimic agent and as a protective a gent of liver from damage or injury. These results suggest that the anti-diabetic effect of Balanites aegyptiaca fruit flesh my be attributed at least in part to increased glucose metabolism and produces an increase in serum insulin concentration.

Anti - diabetic properties of water and ethanolic extracts of Balanites aegyptiaca fruits flesh in senile diabetic rats.