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This study aimed to determine the optimal soil water conditions for J. curcas L. cultivation under the bi-annual rain seasons of the African Savannah climate. Changes in J. curcas L. seedling biomass and mineral nutrient uptake and movement patterns were examined under soil water matric potentials of -2.5, -2.9, -3.4 and -4.0kPa, and two rain seasons separated by a dry spell. The bi-annual savannah rain conditions were simulated using automated buried-type tensiometer system. During the first rain season (irrigation), -3.4kPa soil water matric potential showed the highest water-use efficiency (2.44 g dry weight L-) and biomass yield (57.14g). Seedlings were variously affected by the subsequent dry spell, including total defoliation and stunting. On re-irrigation, seedling recovery (biomass and water use efficiency) was less as compared to the first rain season. Among the nutrients monitored, N, P and K were the most predominantly uptaken, with N showing the closest correlation with seedling growth. Soil matric water potential of 3.4 kPa is the optimum soil water environment for J. curcas cultivation in the savannah conditions; additionally, irrigation during the dry season is essential for a stable harvest.

Effect of Soil Water Environment and Simulated Savanna Climate on Growth and Mineral Nutrition in Jatropha curcas L.