Secretly through Salatsi: place names in Estonian runic songs related to Livonian settlement areas

The article searches for an answer to the question whether Estonian runic songs contain references to Livonians. Using the materials from the database of Estonian runic songs, the article observes some names of countries, rivers and towns. The name of Courland proved to be extremely popular; it appears, however, in very different contexts. Thus, concrete place names have been used as generalisations for distant lands. Among town names, both Riga and Vonnu (Latv. Cēsis) are obviously centres of the Teutonic Order like the Estonian towns mentioned in parallel verses. As hydronyms are generally ancient, the names of rivers (Salatsi, Latv. Salaca; Koiva, Latv. Gauja; Vaina, Latv. Daugava) proved to be the most interesting. First, their distribution area is concrete and expressive: The Salatsi is known in South-West Estonia, the Vaina in South-East Estonia. The Koiva is like a connecting link, as it appears as the parallel word of both the Salatsi and the Vaina. The names of these three rivers have been used in clearly mythical songs where they denote dangerous places connected with the otherworld. Kokkuvote. Kristi Salve: Salaja Salatsi kaudu: Eesti regilaulude kohanimed, mis on seotud liivlaste asualadega. Artikkel otsib vastust kusimusele, kas eesti regilauludes leidub viiteid liivlastele. Kasutades eesti regilaulude andmebaasi, jalgitakse artiklis moningaid maade, jogede ja linnade nimesid. Kuramaa nimetus osutub vaga populaarseks; see ilmneb siiski erinevates kontekstides, mis on sageli maaratud alliteratsiooni poolt. Linnanimede hulgas on Riia aarmiselt sage. Kuna hudronuumid on uldiselt iidsed, on ka joenimede (Salatsi, lati Salaca; Koiva, lati Gauja; Vaina, lati Daugava) esinemus eriti huvitav. Esiteks on nende levikuala kindlapiiriline ja tahenduslik: Salatsi on tuntud Edela-Eestis, Vaina Kagu-Eestis. Koiva on nagu uhendusluli, sest see ilmneb paralleelsonana nii Salatsi kui ka Vaina puhul. Vaina ja Koiva vasteks paralleelvarsides voib olla Narva jogi ja meri; koik need on isikustatud. Marksonad: eesti keel, liivi keel, regilaulud, ajalooline onomastika, kohanimed Kubbovottoks. Kristi Salve: Salliz Salāts kouți: Līvo kūožnimūd ēsti vaņīmis ro’vlōlis. Kēra vȯtsūb vastokst kizzimizon voi ēsti vaņīmis ro’vlōlis um tǟtoksi iļ līvlizt. Ēsti vaņīmist rovlōlod dattodbǭzo kȭlbatos kēras sǭbod vaņțoltod mǭd, jougūd ja jālgabod mingizt nimūd. Kurmǭ’ nim um vaggi populār, kuigid se tulāb jeddo adsmingižis kontekstis, mis saggold atto lovdod alliteratsijst. Jālgabod nimīst āto Riia ‘Rīgo’ ja Vonnu (lețkīel Cēsis) ī’žkiz sagdizt. Ku viedkubūd nimūd iļamīņ atto vaggi vanād, siz ka jougūd nimūd ( Salatsi ‘Salāts’, lețkīel Salaca ; Koiva lețkīel Gauja ; Vaina ‘Vēna’, lețkīel Daugava ) īžkiz interesant. Salatsi um tundtod Lǟnd Ēstimǭl, Vaina Lȭinag Ēstimǭl, Koiva um neiku ītobpǭsmoz, ku se um parālelsonāks nei Salatsi kui Vaina jūs. Nant kuolm joug nimīdi um kȭlbatod sieldo mītiližis lōlis kus ne āto tuoiz īlmaks sidtod kārtabizt kūožod.