Livonian features in Estonian dialects

This article presents linguistic innovations which are typical of both Courland and Salaca Livonian and are also known in the neighbouring Estonian dialect areas. These innovative features are phonological, morphological, and morphosyntactic. The features are present mainly in western and southwestern Estonia, but also more specifically in areas close to the current western border between Estonia and Latvia. This article discusses the nature and chronology of these linguistic features, taking into account their distribution. Broadly spread common features can be mostly explained as inherent innovations of western Finnic when they are not shown to be caused by contacts with Germanic or Baltic languages. Features which are spread in the immediate vicinity of the former Livonian language area can be classified as a Livonian substrate in sub-dialects of western and insular Estonian. Kokkuvote. Patrick O’Rourke, Karl Pajusalu: Liivi jooned eesti murretes. Artikkel kasitleb keeleuuendusi, mis on iseloomulikud nii Kuramaa kui ka Salatsi liivi keelele ja on piiratult tuntud ka eesti murretes. Vaadeldakse fonoloogilisi, morfoloogilisi ja morfosuntaktilisi jooni. Need keelendid esinevad peamiselt Laane- ja Edela-Eestis, eriti aga Eesti ja Lati praeguse laanepoolse piiri lahedal. Artiklis kasitletakse keelejoonte olemust ja kronoloogiat, vottes arvesse nende levikut. Laiemalt levinud liiviparaseid jooni saab enamasti pidada laanepoolse laanemeresoome omaparasteks arenguteks juhul, kui need muutused ei ole pohjustatud kontaktidest germaani ja balti keeltega. Varasema liivi keeleala vahetus laheduses tuntud jooned on aga tolgendatavad liivi keele substraadiks laane-eesti ja saarte murrakutes. Marksonad: liivi keel, eesti keel, keeleajalugu, keelekontaktid, substraat Kubbovottoks. Patrick O’Rourke, Karl Pajusalu: Līvo tīedod ēsti kīel mūrdis. Kēra vaņțlob kīel ūdstoksi, mis at eņtsizt nei Kurmǭ abku Salāts līvo kīelon ja at tundtod sūorantod vīțo ka ēsti kīel mūrdis. Vaņțoltod sōbod fonolōgilizt, morfolōgilizt ja morfosintaktilizt nǟdokst. Ne tulbod jeddo pǟažālistiz Vežgor- ja Lǟnd-Ēstimǭl, amā jemīņ Ēstimǭ ja Lețmǭ paldīņiz lǟndpūoliz rubīž ležgol. Laigāmold laiglond līvopierrizt nǟdokst voibod sūrimiz jag vȱlda vežgorpūoliz vāldamiersūomo eņtsvīțizt kazāndokst siz ku nant pūojoks ab ūoto kontaktod germān agā balt kīeldkoks. Līvo kīel jedlomiz teritorij kūoḑis ležglits tundtod nǟdokst at tulktob līvo kīel substrātoks ēsti kīel vežgor ja kǭlad mūrdis.