A Gradient of Radioactive Contamination in Dolon Village Near the SNTS and Comparison of Computed Dose Values with Instrumental Estimates for the 29 August, 1949 Nuclear Test

Spatial distributions of soil contamination by 137Cs (89 sampling points) and 239+240Pu (76 points) near and within Dolon village were analyzed. An essential exponential decrease of contamination was found in Dolon village: the distance of a half reduction in contamination is about 0.87-1.25 km (in a northwest-southeast direction from the supposed centerline of the radioactive trace). This fact is in agreement with the available exposure rate measurements near Dolon (September 1949 archive data): on the basis of a few measurements the pattern of the trace was estimated to comprise a narrow 2 km corridor of maximum exposure rate. To compare computed external doses in air with local dose estimates by retrospective luminescence dosimetry (RLD) the gradient of radioactive soil contamination within the village was accounted for. The computed dose associated with the central axis of the trace was found to be equal to 2260 mGy (calculations based on archive exposure rate data). Local doses near the RLD sampling points (southeast of the village) were calculated to be in the range 466-780 mGy (averaged value: 645+/-70 mGy), which is comparable with RLD data (averaged value 460+/-92 mGy with range 380-618 mGy). A comparison of the computed mean dose in the settlement with dose estimates by ESR tooth enamel dosimetry makes it possible to estimate the "upper level" of the "shielding and behavior" factor in dose reduction for inhabitants of Dolon village which was found to be 0.28+/-0.068.