危急事件应激管理评介<br>An Introduction to Critical Incident Stress Management

危急事件应激管理是一种综合的危机干预模式由Everly和Mitchell在20世纪90年代提出包括缓解紧张、危急事件应激晤谈、家庭支持等一系列危急事件干预技术用以降低创伤事件导致的心理障碍的发生率、持久性和损害程度。本文简要介绍了危急事件应激管理的各项技术对其中的危急事件应激晤谈进行了分析并介绍了近几年来与之有关的实证研究及其可能的发展前景。 Critical incident stress management (CISM) is introduced by Everly and Mitchell in the 1990s. It usually includes defusing, critical incidents stress debriefing (CISD), family support, and intervention techniques of other critical incidents, with the goal of reducing the incidence, duration, the extent of damage from the traumatic incidents. This article describes the techniques of critical incident stress management, especially the critical incidents stress debriefing in detail. The author also presents some empirical researches in this area in recent years and depicts the possible future of critical incident stress management.