Molecular models of LINC complex assembly at the nuclear envelope

Large protein complexes assemble at the nuclear envelope to transmit mechanical signals between the cytoskeleton and nucleoskeleton. These protein complexes are known as the linkers of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton complexes (LINC complexes) and are formed by the interaction of SUN and KASH domain proteins in the nuclear envelope. Ample evidence suggests that SUN–KASH complexes form higher-order assemblies to withstand and transfer forces across the nuclear envelope. Herein, we present a review of recent studies over the past few years that have shed light on the mechanisms of SUN–KASH interactions, their higher order assembly, and the molecular mechanisms of force transfer across these complexes.