Open AccessMultiple lineages enable robust development of the neuropil-glia architecture in adult Drosophila
Author(s) -
Kentaro Kato,
Minako Orihara-Ono,
Takeshi Awasaki
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.754
H-Index - 325
eISSN - 1477-9129
pISSN - 0950-1991
DOI - 10.1242/dev.184085
Subject(s) - neuropil , biology , gliogenesis , neuroscience , lineage (genetic) , context (archaeology) , neuroglia , neural stem cell , oligodendrocyte , microbiology and biotechnology , central nervous system , stem cell , genetics , gene , myelin , paleontology
Neural remodeling is essential for the development of a functional nervous system and has been extensively studied in the metamorphosis of Drosophila. Despite the crucial roles of glial cells in brain functions, including learning and behavior, little is known of how adult glial cells develop in the context of neural remodeling. Here, we show that the architecture of neuropil-glia in the adult Drosophila brain, composed of astrocyte-like glia (ALG) and ensheathing glia (EG), robustly develops from two different populations in the larva: the larval EG and glial cell missing-positive (gcm+) cells. While larval EG dedifferentiate, proliferate, and redifferentiate into adult ALG and EG, gcm+ cells also generate the same glial subtypes. Each glial lineage occupies a certain brain area complementary to the other, and together they form the adult neuropil-glia architecture. Both lineages require the FGF receptor Heartless to proliferate, and the homeoprotein Prospero to differentiate into ALG. Lineage-specific inhibition of gliogenesis revealed that each lineage compensates for deficiency in the proliferation of the other. Together, the lineages ensure the robust development of adult neuropil-glia, thereby ensuring a functional brain.