The developmental origins of the mammalian ovarian reserve | Zendy

Kathryn J. Grive | Zendy; Richard N. Freiman | Zendy

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The developmental origins of the mammalian ovarian reserve

Author(s) -

Kathryn J. Grive,

Richard N. Freiman

Publication year - 2015

Publication title -

development

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 0.15

H-Index - 36

eISSN - 1477-9129

pISSN - 0950-1991

DOI - 10.1242/dev.125211

Subject(s) - biology , germline , follicle , folliculogenesis , ovary , microbiology and biotechnology , ovarian follicle , embryonic stem cell , germ cell , meiosis , oocyte , stem cell , embryo , medicine , embryogenesis , genetics , endocrinology , gene

The adult mammalian ovary is devoid of definitive germline stem cells. As such, female reproductive senescence largely results from the depletion of a finite ovarian follicle pool that is produced during embryonic development. Remarkably, the crucial nature and regulation of follicle assembly and survival during embryogenesis is just coming into focus. This developmental pathway involves the coordination of meiotic progression and the breakdown of germ cell cysts into individual oocytes housed within primordial follicles. Recent evidence also indicates that genetic and environmental factors can specifically perturb primordial follicle assembly. Here, we review the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which the mammalian ovarian reserve is established, highlighting the presence of a crucial checkpoint that allows survival of only the highest-quality oocytes.

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