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The objectives of this study were to examine whether sustained exercise training at four water velocities, i.e. nearly still water (control), 1 body length (BL) s -1 , 2 BL s -1 and 4 BL s -1 , has effects on swimming performance and digestive metabolism in juvenile black carp ( Mylopharyngodon piceus ). The results demonstrated that fish subjected to sustained training at 2 and 4 BL s -1 showed significantly higher critical swimming speed ( U  crit ) and maximum metabolic rate (MMR) over the control group. Fish subjected to sustained training at 1 and 2 BL s -1 showed a significantly (30 and 54%) prolonged duration, 14 and 17% higher postprandial ṀO 2 increment (i.e. ṀO 2peak ), and 62 and 92% more energy expended on specific dynamic action (SDA), respectively, after consuming a similar meal over fish kept in nearly still water. These results suggest that (1) sustained exercise training at a higher speed (2 or 4 BL s -1 ) had a positive influence on the aerobic swimming performance of juvenile M. piceus , which may be associated with improved aerobic metabolism; and (2) sustained exercise training at a lower speed (1 or 2 BL s -1 ) resulted in elevated postprandial metabolic responses in juvenile M. piceus .

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Sustained exercise-trained juvenile black carp (<i>Mylopharyngodon piceus</i>) at a moderate water velocity exhibit improved aerobic swimming performance and increased postprandial metabolic responses

Sustained exercise-trained juvenile black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) at a moderate water velocity exhibit improved aerobic swimming performance and increased postprandial metabolic responses