Open Accessβ-Cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Early Adolescence: Association with Body Fatness and Family History of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Author(s) -
Michael Rosenbaum,
Cathy as,
Mary Horlick,
Ilene Fennoy,
Ileana Vargas,
Holly C. Schachner,
P. Kringas,
K. Stanton,
Richard Weil
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
the journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.206
H-Index - 353
eISSN - 1945-7197
pISSN - 0021-972X
DOI - 10.1210/jc.2004-0971
Subject(s) - insulin resistance , quartile , overweight , medicine , endocrinology , diabetes mellitus , type 2 diabetes mellitus , insulin , type 2 diabetes , body mass index , population , obesity , family history , percentile , environmental health , confidence interval , statistics , mathematics
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among adolescents has increased 5- to 10-fold over the past decade. T2DM results from pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. Using rapid iv glucose tolerance testing, we examined beta-cell function and insulin resistance in 72 predominantly Latino eighth grade students (41 males and 31 females; mean +/- sem age, 13.6 +/- 0.1 yr). Thirty-six percent of the children had body mass indexes above the 85th percentile for age and gender, and 50% had a first- or second-degree relative with T2DM. Overweight children were five times more likely to be in the highest quartile for insulin resistance. Children with a family history of T2DM were five times more likely to be in the lowest quartile for insulin secretory capacity, 4.5 times more likely to be in the lowest quartile for glucose disposal, and three times more likely to be in the lowest quartile for insulin resistance. These findings are consistent with a model for the physiology of T2DM in which a familial beta-cell dysfunction is unmasked by increasing insulin resistance secondary to overweight in this predominantly Latino population.