Magmas, a Gene Newly Identified as Overexpressed in Human and Mouse ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas, Protects Pituitary Cells from Apoptotic Stimuli

Pituitary tumors are mostly benign, being locally invasive in 5-35% of cases. Deregulation of several genes has been suggested as a possible alteration underlying the development and progression of pituitary tumors. We here report the identification of a cDNA, corresponding to Magmas gene (mitochondria-associated protein involved in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor signal transduction), which is highly expressed in two different ACTH-secreting mouse pituitary adenoma cell lines as compared with normal pituitary as well as in two thirds of 64 examined pituitary adenomas as compared with human normal pituitary. Tim 16, the mitochondrial protein encoded by Magmas, was indeed expressed in a mouse ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma cell line, AtT-20 D16v-F2 cells, in a subcellular compartment likely corresponding to mitochondria. Magmas silencing determined a reduced rate of DNA synthesis, an accumulation in G1 phase, and a concomitant decrease in S phase in At-T20 D16v-F2 cells. Moreover, Magmas-silenced cells displayed basal caspase 3/7 activity and DNA fragmentation levels similar to control cells, which both increased under proapoptotic stimuli. Our data demonstrate that Magmas is overexpressed in mouse and human ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas. Moreover, our results show that Magmas protects pituitary cells from apoptosis, suggesting its possible involvement in neoplastic transformation.