Genomics of Multiple Myeloma
Author(s) -
Sébastien Robiou du Pont,
Alice Cleynen,
Charlotte Fontan,
Michel Attal,
Nikhil C. Munshi,
Jill Corre,
Hervé AvetLoiseau
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of clinical oncology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.482
H-Index - 548
eISSN - 1527-7755
pISSN - 0732-183X
DOI - 10.1200/jco.2016.70.6705
Subject(s) - neuroblastoma ras viral oncogene homolog , kras , multiple myeloma , cancer research , medicine , chromosomal translocation , gene , exome , exome sequencing , gene expression profiling , genetics , mutation , biology , gene expression , immunology
Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by wide variability in the chromosomal/genetic changes present in tumor plasma cells. Genetically, MM can be divided into two groups according to ploidy and hyperdiploidy versus nonhyperdiploidy. Several studies in gene expression profiling attempted to identify subentities in MM without convincing results. These studies mostly confirmed the cytogenetic data and subclassified patients according to 14q32 translocations and ploidy. More-recent data that are based on whole-exome sequencing have confirmed this heterogeneity and show many gene mutations but without a unifying mutation. These newer studies have shown the frequent alteration of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. The most interesting data have demonstrated subclonality in all patients with MM, including subclonal mutations of supposed driver genes KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF.
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