Sonographic Diagnosis of Fibromatosis Colli

Fibromatosis colli is a frequent cause of congenital muscular torticollis, a condition in which the patient suffers from a benign neck mass within the sternocleidomastoid muscle that considerably shortens the length of the affected side. The origin of fibromatosis colli has been linked to traumatic birth, intrauterine malposition, or vascular occlusion. Infants who present with fibromatosis colli often develop congenital muscular torticollis. Torticollis is described as the tilting of the head with the chin angled to the nonaffected side. Because of its low cost, lack of ionizing radiation, and the fact that no sedation is needed, sonography has proven to become the modality of choice when evaluating infants who present with a pediatric neck mass. This article offers a case report, the sonographic appearance, the suspected causes, and applicable research that may prove indispensable in achieving the sonographic diagnosis of fibromatosis colli.