Open AccessBrain Inflammation in an Infant With Hemimegalencephaly, Escalating Seizures, and Epileptic Encephalopathy
Author(s) -
Se Hee Kim,
J Gordon Millichap,
Sookyong Koh
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
child neurology open
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2329-048X
DOI - 10.1177/2329048x16633629
Subject(s) - hemimegalencephaly , hemispherectomy , epilepsy , neuroinflammation , astrogliosis , epileptogenesis , medicine , encephalopathy , pathology , psychology , inflammation , central nervous system , immunology , psychiatry , cortical dysplasia
Hemimegalencephaly, a congenital brain malformation typically characterized by enlargement of one hemisphere, is frequently associated with intractable epilepsy. The authors report a case of a 12-month-old girl with hemimegalencephaly who underwent semiurgent hemispherectomy because of rapidly escalating seizures, arrested development, and associated encephalopathy. The brain tissue was examined and evaluated for neuroinflammation. Immunohistochemical analysis of the brain tissue revealed the presence of abundant activated CD68-positive microglia and reactive astrogliosis. Detection of active inflammatory changes in the brain of a patient with hemimegalencephaly complicated by intractable epilepsy suggests a potential role of ongoing brain inflammation in seizure exacerbation and epileptic encephalopathy
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