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Background:   To study the features of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its associated factors during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), in Ouagadougou.Methods:   It was a cross-sectional study from March to November 2011 in Yalgado Ouédraogo hospital. A nonprobability sample of adults receiving antiretroviral drugs for at least 6 months was studied. Pregnancy, ascites, or abdominal mass were noninclusion criteria. Metabolic syndrome met the criteria of International Diabetes Federation 2005.Results:   The authors studied 300 patients. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in 54 (18%) patients: mean age 44.8 ± 7.4 years, sex ratio 0.17, and mean duration of HAART 71 ± 30.9 months. The current anomaly of MS was low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol in 37 patients (68.5%), and the common profile of MS was high waist circumference + low HDL-cholesterol + abnormal blood pressure (29.6%). Associated factors were protease inhibitor regimens ( P = .000), female gender ( P = .004), age &gt; 42 years ( P = .001), and lipodystrophy ( P = .01).Conclusion:   Cardiovascular risks should be regarded during the care of HIV-infected patients.

Features of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Associated Factors during Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)