Erythema in local and trunk skin caused by intramuscular injection of vitamin K1: A case report and literature review

A 52-year-old woman presented with erythema, papules, pain, and itching on the buttocks and trunk that had persisted for 1 week. Twenty-two days before admission, the patient received three intramuscular injections of vitamin K1 in the gluteal muscles. Two weeks after the last intramuscular injection edematous hard erythema developed bilaterally on the gluteal muscles, accompanied by itching, pain, and a burning sensation. Afterward, the erythema and papules gradually spread to the trunk, with notable itching. Dermatological examination revealed a large area of well-defined edematous hard erythema, and blisters around the injection sites on both hips. The skin temperature was high, with mild tenderness. Dense distributions of edematous erythema and papules were observed on the trunk, some of which were fused into pieces. The patient received a diagnosis of a skin reaction induced by intramuscular injections of vitamin K1. Therefore, she was administered glycyrrhizin, calcium, vitamin C, antihistamines, topical polysulfonic mucopolysaccharide cream, and glucocorticoid cream, and the lesions subsided after 2 weeks.