Open AccessCardiovascular-specific mortality among multiple myeloma patients: a population-based study
Author(s) -
Xin Yin,
Fengjuan Fan,
Bo Zhang,
Yu Hu,
Chunyan Sun
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
therapeutic advances in hematology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2040-6215
pISSN - 2040-6207
DOI - 10.1177/20406207221086755
Subject(s) - medicine , epidemiology , incidence (geometry) , population , multiple myeloma , disease , standardized mortality ratio , surgery , pediatrics , physics , environmental health , optics
Multiple myeloma (MM) survival has greatly improved in recent decades. MM is usually diagnosed at a median age of 66–70 years. MM patients do not necessarily die from primary cancer, so cardiovascular health may be a key factor threatening long-term survival. This study was designed to explore the cardiovascular disease mortality (CVM) trends in MM patients and compare them with those in the general population.Methods: In total, 88,328 MM patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (1975–2016) were included. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were used to assess CVM risk.Results: The CVM risk was significantly higher in MM patients than in the general population (SMR, 1.84 (95% CI, 1.78–1.89)). MM patients had the highest CVM SMR, at 2.62 (95% CI, 2.49–2.75), in the first year after diagnosis, and it decreased over the follow-up period. Over the study period, the incidence of CVM continued to decrease in MM patients diagnosed at age 65–74 (APC, −1.2% (95% CI, −1.9% to −0.4%)) and ⩾75 years (APC, −1.9% (95% CI, −2.6% to −1.2%)) but not younger. CVM was the second-most common cause of death in patients ⩾75 years. In only MM case analyses, male sex, Black race, older age at diagnosis, and earlier year of diagnosis were poor prognostic factors for heart-specific mortality.Conclusion: The CVM risk in MM patients was significantly higher than that in the general population. To improve survival, cardiovascular health should receive attention upon diagnosis.