Sex-Based Differences in the Incidence of Sports-Related Concussion: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis | Zendy

Cheng Jennifer | Zendy; Ammerman Brittany | Zendy; Santiago Kristen | Zendy; Jivanelli Bridget | Zendy; Lin Emerald | Zendy; Casey Ellen | Zendy; Ling Daphne | Zendy

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Sex-Based Differences in the Incidence of Sports-Related Concussion: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Author(s) -

Cheng Jennifer,

Ammerman Brittany,

Santiago Kristen,

Jivanelli Bridget,

Lin Emerald,

Casey Ellen,

Ling Daphne

Publication year - 2019

Publication title -

sports health: a multidisciplinary approach

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 1.212

H-Index - 44

eISSN - 1941-0921

pISSN - 1941-7381

DOI - 10.1177/1941738119877186

Subject(s) - medicine , concussion , meta analysis , incidence (geometry) , context (archaeology) , population , rate ratio , meta regression , cochrane library , poison control , basketball , physical therapy , injury prevention , demography , emergency medicine , environmental health , physics , archaeology , sociology , optics , history , paleontology , biology

Context: The incidence of sports-related concussion in females has been increasing in recent years.Objective: To conduct a meta-analysis on sex-based differences in concussion incidence in various sports and to determine the effects of study design (retrospective vs prospective), setting (competition vs practice), and population (university and above vs high school and below) via a meta-regression.Data Sources: PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from January 2000 to January 2018.Study Selection: Studies reporting sports-related concussion incidence data for both males and females (age ≥10 years) were included.Study Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression.Level of Evidence: Level 4.Methods: The rate ratio was calculated as the concussion rate in females/males. Data were pooled using the DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model.Results: Thirty-eight studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Soccer and basketball demonstrated significantly higher incidence of concussions in females compared with males (rate ratio [95% CI], 1.76 [1.43-2.16] and 1.99 [1.56-2.54], respectively; P < 0.01). Sex-based differences in concussion incidence rates for baseball/softball, ice hockey, lacrosse, swimming/diving, and track and field were not statistically significant. In the meta-regression analysis, there were no significant effects on the rate ratio when evaluating study design, setting, and population.Conclusion: Concussion incidence rates were significantly higher in females than in males for soccer and basketball.

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