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Exclusive enteral nutrition is established as an initial therapy to induce remission in active Crohn's disease (CD), especially in children, but the mechanisms of action of this therapy are yet to be fully defined. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), a recognised marker of enterocyte differentiation, is implicated in the innate gut immune response to enteric pathogens. Using the Caco-2 human adenocarcinoma cell line, this study showed that the incubation of human cells with a polymeric formula (PF) resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the expression of IAP on the cell surface. While further investigation is required to determine the pathway(s) involved, this finding suggests that cell surface-associated IAP may be an aspect of the gut's innate immune response to pathogenic bacteria that is strengthened by PF in the setting of CD.

The effect of polymeric formula on enterocyte differentiation