Exon Mapping in Long Noncoding RNAs Using Digital Filters

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) which were initially dismissed as "transcriptional noise" have become a vital area of study after their roles in biological regulation were discovered. Long noncoding RNAs have been implicated in various developmental processes and diseases. Here, we perform exon mapping of human lncRNA sequences (taken from National Center for Biotechnology Information GenBank) using digital filters. Antinotch digital filters are used to map out the exons of the lncRNA sequences analyzed. The period 3 property which is an established indicator for locating exons in genes is used here. Discrete wavelet transform filter bank is used to fine-tune the exon plots by selectively removing the spectral noise. The exon locations conform to the ranges specified in GenBank. In addition to exon prediction, G-C concentrations of lncRNA sequences are found, and the sequences are searched for START and STOP codons as these are indicators of coding potential.