Open AccessSafety Assessment of PCA (2-Pyrrolidone-5-Carboxylic Acid) and Its Salts as Used in Cosmetics
Author(s) -
Fiume Monice M.,
Bergfeld Wilma F.,
Belsito Donald V.,
Hill Ronald A.,
Klaassen Curtis D.,
Liebler Daniel C.,
Marks James G.,
Shank Ronald C.,
Slaga Thomas J.,
Snyder Paul W.,
Gill Lillian J.,
Heldreth Bart
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
international journal of toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.432
H-Index - 58
eISSN - 1092-874X
pISSN - 1091-5818
DOI - 10.1177/1091581819856568
Subject(s) - cosmetics , chemistry , carboxylic acid , potassium , ingredient , toxicology , organic chemistry , food science , biology
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel (Panel) reassessed the safety of 2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid (PCA) and sodium PCA; the Panel added 3 previously unreviewed salts (calcium, magnesium, and potassium) of PCA to this safety assessment. 2-Pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid and its salts are reported to function in cosmetics as skin conditioning agents—humectants. The Panel reviewed the data from the 1999 report of PCA and sodium PCA, as well as additional data included in this report, to determine the safety of these ingredients. The Panel concluded that PCA and its salts are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration; additionally, these ingredients should not be used in cosmetic products in which N-nitroso compounds can be formed.
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