Supercritical CO2-involved water–rock interactions at 85℃ and partial pressures of 10–20 MPa: Sequestration and enhanced oil recovery

Studying the interactions between CO 2 -rich fluid and reservoir rock under reservoir temperature and pressure is important for investigating CO 2 sequestration and the CO 2 -enhanced oil recovery processes. Using high-concentration CaCl 2 -type formation water as an example, this study performed a CO 2 -rich fluid–rock interaction experiment at 85℃ and compared the dissolution of calcite and sandstone samples, as well as sandstone powder and thin-slice samples. This study also investigated the effects of the sample surface area, the CO 2 partial pressure ( PCO 2  = 10 and 20 MPa), and the composition of formation water (3 mol/kg NaCl and 1 mol/kg CaCl 2 –2 mol/kg NaCl) on the water–rock interaction mechanism and process by weighing, ion chromatography, and scanning electron microscopy observations. The results showed that the injection of CO 2 resulted in the dissolution of reservoir minerals such as carbonate cements and feldspar. The mineral dissolution increased with increasing PCO 2 . The dissolution of minerals such as calcite in the CaCl 2 -type formation water was significantly decreased because of the high concentration of Ca 2+ . Under the same conditions, more sandstone dissolved than calcite and more sandstone powder dissolved than sandstone thin slices. Dissolution of the potassium feldspar occurred in the sandstone, whereas the albite was nearly unaffected. No new minerals formed during the experimental process. The experimental results and a PHREEQC calculation demonstrated that the injection of CO 2 causes a significant pH drop in the formation water, which improves the porosity and permeability of the reservoir, increases the capacity of the reservoir to store CO 2 , and facilitates the progression of the CO 2 -enhanced oil recovery process. However, if alkaline minerals in the caprocks of the reservoir are also dissolved by the CO 2 -rich fluid, the sealing capacity of the caprocks may be reduced.