Evaluation of WRF Mean and Extreme Precipitation over Spain: Present Climate (1970–99)

The ability of the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) to simulate precipitation over Spain is evaluated from a climatological point of view. The complex topography and the large rainfall variability make the Iberian Peninsula a particularly interesting region and permit assessment of model performance under very demanding conditions.Three high-resolution (10 km) simulations over the Iberian Peninsula have been completed spanning a 30-yr period (1970–99) and driven by different datasets: the 40-yr European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Re-Analysis (ERA-40) as “perfect boundary conditions” and two general circulation models (GCMs), the Max Planck Institute ECHAM5 model (ECHAM5/MPI) and the NCAR Community Climate System Model, version 3 (CCSM3). The daily precipitation observational grid Spain02 is employed to evaluate the model at varying time scales. Not only are the long-term means (annual, seasonal, and monthly) examined but also the high-order statistics (extreme events).Th...