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The present study evaluates the ability of a cloud-resolving model (CRM) to simulate the physical properties  of  tropical  deep  convective  cloud  objects  identified  from  a  Clouds ,and  the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) data product. The emphasis of this study is the compar- isons among  the  small-,  medium-  and  large-size  categories  of  cloud  objects  observed  during March 1998 and between the large-size categories of cloud objects observed during March 1998 (strong El Niño) and March 2000 (weak La Niña). Results from the CRM simulations are ana- lyzed in  a  way ,that  is consistent  with  the  CERES  retrieval  algorithm  and  they  are  averaged  to match the scale of the CERES satellite footprints. Cloud physical properties are analyzed in terms of their summary,histograms for each category. Itis found  that  there  is  a  general  agreement  in  the  overall  shapes  of  all  cloud  physical properties between,the simulated and,observed distributions. Each cloud physical property pro- duced by the CRM also exhibits different degrees of disagreement with observations over differ- ent ranges  of  the ,property.  The  simulated  cloud  tops  are  generally  too  high  and  cloud  top temperatures are too low except for the large-size category of March 1998. The probability densi- ties of the simulated top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) albedos for all four categories are underesti- mated for  high  albedos,  while  those  of  cloud  optical  depth  are  overestimated  at  its  lowest  bin. These disagreements are mainly related to uncertainties in the cloud microphysics parameteriza-

journal of the atmospheric sciences

Statistical Analyses of Satellite Cloud Object Data from CERES. Part III: Comparison with Cloud-Resolving Model Simulations of Tropical Convective Clouds